I-Solar Photovoltaics (FSPV) ubuchwepheshe yi-solar Photovoltaic (PV) Amandla okuphekela amandla wamandla we-Photovoltaic (PV) afakwa ezindaweni ezinamachibi, ngokuvamile asetshenziswa emachibini, amachibi, olwandle, kanye neminye imizimba yamanzi. Njengoba ukufunwa komhlaba wonke kwamandla ahlanzekile kuyaqhubeka ukukhula, ilanga elintantayo lithola ukunakwa okwengeziwe kanye nendlela yokuvuselela amandla avuselelekayo. Lokhu okulandelayo ukuhlaziywa kwamathemba wokuthuthuka kwamandla elanga antantayo nezinzuzo zawo eziphambili:
1. Amathemba okuthuthuka
a) ukukhula kwemakethe
Imakethe yelanga elintantayo ikhula ngokushesha, ikakhulukazi kwezinye izifunda lapho izinsiza zomhlaba ziqinile khona, njenge-Asia, eYurophu kanye ne-United States. I-Global ifakwe emhlabeni wonke ezintantayo kulindeleke ukuthi kwandiswe kakhulu eminyakeni ezayo. Ngokusho kocwaningo lwemakethe, imakethe yomhlaba wonke yamandla elanga antantayo kulindeleke ukuthi ifinyelele ezigidini zamaRandi ngo-2027. China, eJapan, amazwe aseNingizimu mpumalanga ye-Adounts a Amanzi athize.
b) Intuthuko yezobuchwepheshe
Ngobuchwepheshe obuqhubekayo kwezobuchwepheshe kanye nokuncishiswa kwezindleko, amamojula welanga athambile aklanyelwe ukuba asebenze kahle, futhi ukufakwa nezindleko zokufakwa kuncishiswe kancane kancane. Idizayini yamapulatifomu antantayo endaweni yamanzi nayo ivame ukuhlukaniswa, ithuthukise ukuqina nokwethenjwa kohlelo. Ngaphezu kwalokho, izinhlelo ezihlanganisiwe zokugcina amandla nobuchwepheshe obuhle wegridi banikeza amandla amakhulu okuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kwe-solar entantayo.
c) ukwesekwa kwenqubomgomo
Amazwe amaningi nezifunda zihlinzeka ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo ukuthuthukiswa kwamandla avuselelekayo, ikakhulukazi amafomu wamandla ahlanzekile anjengemoya kanye nolanga. Amandla elanga antantayo, ngenxa yezinzuzo zawo ezihlukile, athole ukunakwa kohulumeni namabhizinisi, kanye nezimali ezihlobene, izisusa zokusekelwa kwenqubomgomo ziyanda kancane, zinikeza isiqinisekiso esinamandla sokuthuthuka kwalobu buchwepheshe.
d) Izicelo ezinobungani bemvelo
Amandla elanga antantayo angafakwa endaweni yamanzi ngaphandle kokuthatha indawo enkulu yezinsizakusebenza zomhlaba, ezihlinzeka ngesisombululo esifanele sezifunda ezinezinsizakusebenza zomhlaba eziqinile. Kungahlanganiswa futhi nokuphathwa kwemithombo yamanzi (isib. Ukulungiswa kokugcina kanye nokunisela kabusha) ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla nokukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwamandla okuluhlaza.
2. Ukuhlaziywa kwezinzuzo
a) ukonga izinsiza zomhlaba
Amaphaneli elanga wendabuko asezingeni eliphakeme adinga inani elikhulu lezinsizakusebenza zomhlaba, ngenkathi amasistimu elanga antantayo angathunyelwa endaweni yamanzi ngaphandle kokuthola izinsiza zomhlaba ezibalulekile. Ikakhulu ezindaweni ezithile ngamanzi aphezulu, njengamachibi, amachibi okuhambisa indle, njll.
b) Thuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla
Ukukhanya okuboniswe endaweni yamanzi kungakhuphula inani lokukhanya nokukhulisa ukusebenza kahle kwamandla kwamaphaneli we-PV. Ngaphezu kwalokho, umphumela wokupholisa wemvelo wendawo yamanzi ungasiza imodyuli ye-PV ukuthi ilondoloze izinga lokushisa eliphansi, kunciphisa ukwehla kokusebenza kahle kwe-PV ngenxa yokushisa okuphezulu kohlelo.
c) ukunciphisa ukuhwamuka kwamanzi
Indawo enkulu yamaphaneli elanga elintantayo amboza indawo yamanzi inganciphisa ngempumelelo ukuhwamuka kwemizimba yamanzi, okubaluleke kakhulu ezindaweni ezinamanzi. Ikakhulu ezindaweni zokugcina ama-reservoirs noma i-Farmland Ukunisela, ilanga elintantayo lisiza ekulondolozeni kwamanzi.
d) umthelela omncane kwezemvelo
Ngokungafani namandla elanga asekuqaleni, amandla elanga athambile afakwe endaweni yamanzi ebangela ukuphazamiseka okuncane ku-Ecosystem yezwe. Ikakhulu emanzini angakulungele ezinye izinhlobo zokuthuthuka, ilanga elintantayo alibangeli ukulimala okwedlulele emvelweni.
e) ukuguquguquka okuhlukahlukene
Ilanga elintantayo lingahlanganiswa nobunye ubuchwepheshe ukuze buthuthukise ukusetshenziswa kwamandla okuphelele. Isibonelo, ingahlanganiswa namandla omoya wamanzi ukudala izinhlelo zamandla ezi-hybrid ezikhulisa ukuqina kanye nokwethenjwa kwezizukulwane zamandla. Ngaphezu kwalokho, kwezinye izimo, amandla elanga antantayo kanye neminye imboni, njengezokudoba noma ama-aquaculture, nawo anamandla amakhulu entuthuko, akha umnotho ohlaza okwesibhakabhaka "wezinzuzo eziningi.
3. Izinselelo nezinkinga
Naphezu kwezinzuzo eziningi zamandla elanga antantayo, ukuthuthuka kwalo kusebhekene nezinselelo eziningi:
Ubuchwepheshe Nezindleko: Yize izindleko zamandla elanga ezintantayo ziyancipha kancane kancane, ziphakeme kunalezo zezinhlelo zendabuko zamandla elanga, ikakhulukazi kumaphrojekthi amakhulu. Ukuqhubeka kwezobuchwepheshe kudingeka ukunciphisa izindleko zokwakha nezindawo zokugcina izingxenyekazi ezintantayo.
Ukuqina Kwezemvelo: Ukuqina kwesikhathi eside kwezinhlelo zelanga ezintantayo kudinga ukuqinisekiswa ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zamanzi, ikakhulukazi ukubhekana nezinselelo zezinto zemvelo ezifana nesimo sezulu esibi kakhulu, amagagasi kanye nokuqandisa.
Ukusetshenziswa Kwamanzi Izingxabano: Emanzini athile, ukwakhiwa kwezinhlelo zelanga ezintantayo kungangqubuzana neminye imisebenzi yamanzi njengokuthumela nokudoba, futhi kungumbuzo wokuthi ungahlelela kanjani izidingo zezinhloso ezihlukile.
Beka kafushane
Amandla elanga antantayo, njengendlela yokuqamba amandla avuselelekayo, anamandla amakhulu okuthuthuka, ikakhulukazi ezindaweni ezinezinsizakusebenza zomhlaba eziqinile nezimo ezinhle zesimo sezulu. Ngentuthuko yezobuchwepheshe, ukusekelwa kwenqubomgomo nokulawulwa okusebenzayo komthelela wezemvelo, ilanga elintantayo lizothumela amathuba amaningi okuthuthuka eminyakeni ezayo. Esezinhlelweni zokukhuthaza ukuguqulwa kwamandla okuluhlaza, amandla elanga antantayo azokwenza umnikelo obalulekile ekuhlukanisweni kwesakhiwo samandla emhlabeni jikelele kanye nentuthuko esimeme.
Isikhathi Seposi: Jan-24-2025