Ngokukhula kwesidingo somhlaba wonke samandla avuselelekayo, ubuchwepheshe be-photovoltaic (solar) busetshenziswe kabanzi njengengxenye ebalulekile yamandla ahlanzekile. Futhi indlela yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kwamasistimu e-PV ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kahle kwamandla ngesikhathi sokufakwa kwawo kube yinkinga ebalulekile kubacwaningi nonjiniyela. Ucwaningo lwakamuva luphakamise ama-engeli wokutsheka afanele kanye nokuphakama kokuphakama kwezinhlelo ze-PV ezisophahleni, okuhlinzeka ngemibono emisha yokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kokuphehla amandla e-PV.
Izinto ezithinta ukusebenza kwezinhlelo ze-PV
Ukusebenza kwesistimu ye-PV ephezu kophahla kuthintwa izici ezimbalwa, ezibucayi kakhulu ezihlanganisa i-engeli yemisebe yelanga, izinga lokushisa elizungezile, i-engeli ekhuphukayo, nokuphakama. Izimo zokukhanya ezifundeni ezihlukene, ukushintsha kwesimo sezulu, kanye nesakhiwo sophahla konke kuthinta umphumela wokukhiqiza amandla wamaphaneli e-PV. Phakathi kwalezi zici, i-engeli yokutsheka kanye nokuphakama okungaphezulu kwamaphaneli e-PV yiziguquko ezimbili ezibalulekile ezithinta ngokuqondile ukwamukela kwazo ukukhanya nokusebenza kahle kokukhipha ukushisa.
I-Engeli yokutshekisa elungile
Ucwaningo lubonise ukuthi i-engeli yokutsheka efanelekile yesistimu ye-PV ayincikile nje kuphela endaweni nokuhlukahluka kwesizini, kodwa futhi ihlobene eduze nezimo zezulu zendawo. Ngokuvamile, i-engeli yokutsheka yamaphaneli e-PV kufanele ibe seduze ne-latitude yendawo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukwamukelwa okuphezulu kwamandla akhazimulayo avela elangeni. I-engeli yokutsheka efanelekile ngokuvamile ingalungiswa ngokufanele ngokuya ngesizini ukuze ivumelane nama-engeli okukhanya wesizini ahlukahlukene.
Ukuthuthukisa ehlobo nasebusika:
1. Ehlobo, lapho ilanga liseduze ne-zenith, i-engeli yokutsheka yamaphaneli e-PV ingehliswa ngokufanelekile ukuze kuthwebule kangcono ukukhanya kwelanga okunamandla.
2. Ebusika, i-engeli yelanga iphansi, futhi ukukhulisa ngokufanelekile i-engeli yokutsheka kuqinisekisa ukuthi amaphaneli e-PV athola ukukhanya kwelanga okwengeziwe.
Ukwengeza, kutholwe ukuthi idizayini ye-engeli engaguquki (evame ukumiswa eduze ne-engeli ye-latitude) iphinde ibe inketho esebenza kahle kakhulu kwezinye izimo uma isetshenziswa, njengoba yenza kube lula inqubo yokufaka futhi isahlinzeka ngokuphehlwa kwamandla okuzinzile ngaphansi kwezimo eziningi zezulu.
Ukuphakama Okuphezulu Okuphezulu
Ekuklanyweni kohlelo lwe-PV ophahleni, ukuphakama okuphezulu kwamaphaneli e-PV (okungukuthi, ibanga phakathi kwamaphaneli e-PV nophahla) nakho kuyisici esibalulekile esithinta ukusebenza kahle kwawo kokukhiqiza amandla. Ukuphakama okufanele kuthuthukisa umoya wamaphaneli we-PV futhi kunciphisa ukunqwabelana kokushisa, ngaleyo ndlela kuthuthukise ukusebenza okushisayo kwesistimu. Ucwaningo luye lwabonisa ukuthi lapho ibanga phakathi kwamapaneli e-PV nophahla landa, uhlelo luyakwazi ukunciphisa ngokuphumelelayo ukukhuphuka kwezinga lokushisa futhi ngaleyo ndlela luthuthukise ukusebenza kahle.
Umthelela wokungenisa umoya:
3. Uma bungekho ubude obanele obuphezulu, amaphaneli e-PV angase ahlupheke ngenxa yokusebenza okuncishisiwe ngenxa yokwanda kokushisa. Amazinga okushisa adlulele azonciphisa ukusebenza kahle kokuguqulwa kwamaphaneli e-PV futhi angase anciphise ngisho nokuphila kwawo kwesevisi.
4. Ukwenyuka kokuphakama kokuma kusiza ukuthuthukisa ukujikeleza komoya ngaphansi kwamaphaneli e-PV, ukwehlisa izinga lokushisa lesistimu nokugcina izimo zokusebenza ezilungile.
Kodwa-ke, ukwanda kobude obuphezulu kusho nezindleko zokwakha eziphakeme kanye nezidingo eziningi zesikhala. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha ukuphakama kwe-overhead efanele kudinga ukulingana ngokuvumelana nezimo zezulu zendawo kanye nomklamo othize wesistimu ye-PV.
Ukuhlolwa nokuhlaziywa kwedatha
Ucwaningo lwakamuva luhlonze ezinye izixazululo zedizayini ezithuthukisiwe ngokuzama izinhlanganisela ezihlukene zama-engeli ophahla nokuphakama okuphezulu. Ngokulingisa nokuhlaziya idatha yangempela evela ezifundeni ezimbalwa, abacwaningi baphethe ngokuthi:
5. i-engeli yokutsheka efanelekile: ngokuvamile, i-engeli yokutsheka efanelekile yohlelo lwe-PV yophahla ingaphakathi kwebanga lokuhlanganisa noma lokususa amadigri angu-15 e-latitude yasendaweni. Ukulungiswa okuqondile kuthuthukiswa ngokuya ngezinguquko zesizini.
6. ukuphakama okuphezulu okuphezulu: kumasistimu amaningi we-PV ophahleni, ukuphakama okuphezulu okuphezulu kuphakathi kwamasentimitha ayi-10 no-20. Ukuphakama okuphansi kakhulu kungase kuholele ekwakhiweni kokushisa, kuyilapho ukuphakama okuphezulu kungase kwenyuse izindleko zokufaka nokulungisa.
Isiphetho
Ngokuthuthuka okuqhubekayo kobuchwepheshe belanga, indlela yokukhulisa amandla okukhiqiza amandla ezinhlelo ze-PV sekuyinkinga ebalulekile. I-engeli yokutsheka efanelekile kanye nokuphakama okuphezulu kwezinhlelo ze-PV zophahla oluhlongozwayo ocwaningweni olusha kunikeza izixazululo zethiyori ezisiza ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kukonke kwezinhlelo ze-PV. Ngokuzayo, ngokuthuthukiswa komklamo okhaliphile kanye nobuchwepheshe bedatha enkulu, kulindeleke ukuthi sikwazi ukuzuza ukusetshenziswa kwamandla kagesi we-PV okuphumelelayo nokonga ngomklamo onembe kakhudlwana futhi oqondene nawe.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Feb-13-2025